Search results for " Actinomycetes"

Marine Actinomycetes-Derived Secondary Metabolites Overcome TRAIL-Resistance via the Intrinsic Pathway through Downregulation of Survivin and XIAP

2020

Resistance of cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis represents the major hurdle to the clinical use of TRAIL or its derivatives. The discovery and development of lead compounds able to sensitize tumor cells to TRAIL-induced cell death is thus likely to overcome this limitation. We recently reported that marine actinomycetes&rsquo

Performance of a Highly Sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Real-Time PCR Assay for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Low-Prevalence …

2018

ABSTRACT The potential impact of routine real-time PCR testing of respiratory specimens from patients with presumptive tuberculosis in terms of diagnostic accuracy and time to tuberculosis treatment inception in low-prevalence settings remains largely unexplored. We conducted a prospective intervention cohort study. Respiratory specimens from 1,020 patients were examined by acid-fast bacillus smear microscopy, tested by a real-time Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex PCR assay (Abbott RealTi me MTB PCR), and cultured in mycobacterial media. Seventeen patients tested positive by PCR (5 were acid-fast bacillus smear positive and 12 acid-fast bacillus smear negative), and Mycobacterium tubercul…

Mutations in the rpoB and katG Genes Leading to Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Latvia

2002

ABSTRACT To characterize the genetic basis of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Latvia, mutations involved in rifampin ( rpoB gene) and isoniazid ( katG gene) resistance in DNA from 19 drug-susceptible and 51 multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis complex isolates were analyzed. The most frequent rpoB gene mutations found by the Line Probe assay were the S531L (14 of 34 isolates), D516V (7 of 34), H526D (4 of 34), and D516Y plus P535S (4 of 34) mutations. Direct sequencing of seven isolates with unclear results from Line Probe assay showed the presence of the L533P mutation and the Q510H plus H526Y (1 of 34) and D516V plus P535S (4 of 34) double mutations, neither of which has b…

Snapshot of Moving and Expanding Clones of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Their Global Distribution Assessed by Spoligotyping in an International Stu…

2003

ABSTRACT The present update on the global distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex spoligotypes provides both the octal and binary descriptions of the spoligotypes for M. tuberculosis complex, including Mycobacterium bovis , from >90 countries (13,008 patterns grouped into 813 shared types containing 11,708 isolates and 1,300 orphan patterns). A number of potential indices were developed to summarize the information on the biogeographical specificity of a given shared type, as well as its geographical spreading (matching code and spreading index, respectively). To facilitate the analysis of hundreds of spoligotypes each made up of a binary succession of 43 bits of information, …

Production of Antibacterial Compounds from Actinomycetes

2016

Actinomycetes are soil-dwelling Gram-positive bacteria, industrially relevant as producers of a wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites, including many antibiotics of clinical and commercial importance.The understanding of actinomycete biology has been based on extensive studies on the model organism Streptomyces coelicolor over many years and on the availability of its complete genome sequence. This bacterium has an unusual complex developmental cycle that includes programmed cell death phenomena that make this bacterium a multicellular prokaryotic model.Morphological differentiation in S. coelicolor is strictly related to physiological differentiation: indeed the onset of morphologi…

Identification and characterization of new prolylendopeptidases (PEPs) from Actinomycetes

2011

Unraveling the functional role of Streptomyces coelicolor trpX, an intriguing small orf

2013

Omic-based strategies reveal novel links between primary metabolism and antibiotic production

2008

NovelAmycolatopsis balhimycinabiochemical abilities unveiled by proteomics

2014

Amycolatopsis balhimycina DSM5908 is an actinomycete producer of balhimycin, an analogue of vancomycin, the antibiotic of ‘last resort’ against multidrug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens. Most knowledge on glycopeptide biosynthetic pathways comes from studies on A. balhimycina as this strain, among glycopeptide producers, is genetically more amenable. The recent availability of its genome sequence allowed to perform differential proteomic analyses elucidating key metabolic pathways leading to antibiotic production in different growth conditions. To implement proteomic data on A. balhimycina derived from 2-DE approaches and to identify novel components, a combined approach based on protein …

Coupling Proteomics and Fermentation Technology for the Improvement of Bioactive Molecule Production Yield in Actinomycetes

2013

Copyright: © 2013 Gallo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Most bioactive molecules (like anticancers, antitumors, antibiotics, immunosuppressants, insecticidals, antivirals, herbicidals, antifungals) with valuable industrial and market value are naturally produced by actinomycetes [1-4], Gram-positive filamentous bacteria widespread in both terrestrial and aquatic environments [5,6]. Out of thousands of bioactive molecules, also known as secondary metabolites since they are not essential for…